Osteoporosis is a condition that causes formerly strong bones to thin and therefore weaken over time, making them susceptible to fractures. Calcium is the cornerstone of treatment.
Dietary calcium and supplements should total 1,500 mg per day. To help with the absorption of the calcium, vitamin D supplements should also be taken. A regular exercise program -- including weight-bearing exercises, such as walking and aerobics -- can help keep your bones strong and free of fractures.
Actonel and Fosamax treat osteoporosis by inhibiting cells that break down bone. There are strict ways to take these medications, since if taken incorrectly, they can lead to ulcers in the esophagus.
Calcitonin is another option. Calcitonin is a naturally occurring hormone that inhibits bone loss. It is available as a nasal spray or injection and is quite expensive. Undesirable side effects include nausea and skin rashes.